When a surge voltage is applied to the input terminal of the protection circuit, the transient suppression diode (TVS) with the fastest response time acts first.
By selecting appropriate parameters of coupling elements (inductance or resistance), the circuit like the AC surge protector circuit, is designed to make the voltage drop on L2 and TVs reach the breakdown voltage of varistor (MOV) with the increase of discharge current before the transient suppression diode may be damaged, at this time, MOV begins to discharge.
Similarly, the further increase of discharge current makes the voltage drop of L1 and MOV breakdown voltage reach the operating voltage of GDT, GDT releases more surge current finally.
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